Why buy the wrong Type-C USB data line will burn the notebook? How to avoid wrong Type-C interface? What are the advantages of USB 3.1? Matching Type-C USB data lines which note?

In October this year, Apple's autumn conference, the long-awaited Macbook Pro finally unveiled a burst of applause, not optimistic about the sound of many. Especially Macbook cancel all external interface, including the generation of lightning interface, SD card reader interface, HDMI video output, all of them are integrated as apple USB Type-C, USB 3.1 communication standard based on 40Gbps, with the highest rate of file transmission and digital media content, also support the power transmission, the the original power supply to replace lost export.

Apple's logic is not difficult to understand, Type-C USB is the future of the world's universal standard peripheral interface. Just have a lot of friends began to worry about, to achieve a variety of functions of an interface, wouldn't it be a mess. In particular, to support the 100W charging output of this feature, in case of buying the wrong line, insert the wrong mouth, cell phone explosion, the loss is too large. This concern is not the foreign media theverge has Weakness lends wings to rumours., consumers buy the wrong line of the tragedy reports.

The buyer from Silicon Valley is called Leung Chromebook, his Pixel Benson notebook with USB 3 interface, the appearance and the same as the conventional USB interface. He also has a Type-C USB interface device, the interface and just released the same as the Pro Macbook. For test equipment, he bought a Surjtech card USB transfer line, did not expect the plug, the device immediately burned, the computer restart prompted USB controller can not be verified, it appears that the hardware is broken down.

Surprise is this care-laden, USB Type-C in the end how unsafe, as consumers use what precautions, for the answer, original specialized reporters refer to the official document, and to ask the experts to understand the general principle.

　　What is USB 3.1？

Now the USB and mobile phone data lines, most of the use of USB2.0 protocol, transmission speed up to 480Mbps. The next generation is USB 3.0 and more powerful 3.1, both in speed increased by 10 times and 20 times, to 5Gbps and 10Gbps. 3.1 faster than the 3.0 transfer rate, the addition of PD (PowerDelivery) function, can automatically match peripherals to achieve intelligent power supply.

USB 3.0 / 3.1 can have significant advantages in speed, one reason is faster single-channel transfer rate, and the other is more than two data channels, three transmission channels compared to a channel, the rate of course, by leaps and bounds, the price is the interface Complex.

The figure above is the definition of the Type-C pin used in USB 3.1. Looks like there are 24 touch points, but in fact, in order to support positive and negative insert, pin center symmetric equivalent.

According to the above port picture can be seen, compared to USB 2.0, USB 3.1 more than three parts:

Two high-speed data channels (one pair on the upper left and another on the upper right)

A pair of communication lines for controlling the voltage output (yellow portions CC1 and CC2 in the drawing)

Ports reserved for future USB version upgrades (SBU1 and SBU2)

The following figure is produced by foreign users USB 3.0 standard data line section, less than the 3.1 version of a pair of control lines and a pair of reserved lines. The middle of the four vertical lines arranged, and USB2.0 fully compatible. About three more out of the line, that is, 3.0 standard two additional high-speed data transmission channel.

Because of the lack of control lines, USB 3.0 does not support voltage auto-tuning. USB3.1 more than two control lines allow the coordination of supply voltage between devices to support 5V to 20V dynamic output, the maximum support 100W power output.

This will solve the doubts before the consumer, if the output 100W, how to do phone explosion. USB 3.1 default output 5V voltage, if the peripheral supports a higher voltage input, will send a signal to the host device, the two sides agreed to confirm, USB 3.1 controller will increase the output voltage.

There are users worry that even if the voltage matching, if the current does not match how to do, if the projector to the store to buy the wrong time line, the equipment only supports 1A, This is a bit of a layman, and this situation can not happen.

For a constant voltage power supply, the operating current of the data line is determined by the electrical equipment, rather than charging equipment or wire. IPhone 6s charge current up to only support 1A, we take to support 3A output charger and data cable charging, data line current is only 1A. Charger marked output current represents the charger can output the maximum current, rather than the operating current, data lines are the same, 3A represents the maximum load current 3A line of this data.

If you still can not understand, refer to the junior high school physics textbook on the part of Ohm's law will be able to understand. Equal sign on the left represents the current, equal sign on the right is the voltage divided by the resistance, when the voltage is constant, the current is determined by the R, R but on behalf of your smart phone. So, you do not have to worry about high-power data cable to your favorite electronic device explosion.

Some old smart phones do not support USB 3.0 / 3.1, but still uses the Type-C interface, old and new devices mixed with the inserts will not be dangerous? no need to worry. Although the phone supports Type-C interface, but in fact the internal control line is not used, due to the lack of charging consultation process, plugged into the new Macbook, the interface will only press the default 5V voltage output, use and USB 2.0.

As for other devices, are the same reason, in the end to provide much voltage, in the end to what rate of communication, USB 3.1 automatic matching, do not worry about consumers. For devices that support 3.1, communication between the interfaces negotiates transmission rates and supply voltages, and for USB 1.0 and USB 2.0 compatibility is also achieved by selectively discarding certain lines.

However, the US buyer's notebook accidentally burned, do not use the wrong data line, this how to explain. Answer In the bottom of his long review, pay attention to the contents of the red box to the following: I use a Type-C development version and a multimeter carefully studied the root of the data line, the original manufacturers to take the wrong line. Positive and negative power supply just reversed.

Such a low-level error, it is no wonder that this root data line evaluation to maintain a minimum score of 0.5 stars, and the product off the shelf.

Of course, the ordinary data line can not support 100W even 60W of high-power. To do this need to package the chip, used to tell the new Macbook USB 3.1 controller, the maximum carrying capacity.

How to choose?

This is a USB Type-A transfer Type-C data line, this line is no doubt support USB 2.0, in the end know whether to support USB 3.0 and 3.1, depends on the interface and wire internal design.

On the left side of the connector is the conventional USB Type-A, if there are only four contacts, it only supports USB 2.0, if there are nine contacts, it is possible to achieve USB 3.0 and 3.1 transmission speed, but the output voltage can only be The default is 5V.

The left side of the figure is the USB 3.0 / 3.1 Type-A plug definition, the right side is USB 3.1 Type-A socket definition, both fully compatible, but the observation socket can be found, and no power control line contact, visible Type-A Connectors do not support intelligent voltage regulation.

To buy a true full-featured USB 3.1 data cable to support high-speed transmission and voltage regulation, a necessary condition is to use both ends of the Type-C multi-touch interface, the other is the built-in chip. There is no chip to ask the business, the appearance really can not see.

So do not bother, directly to your Macbook to buy the root with built-in chip, two USB Type-C is enough to meet the vast majority of peripherals. It is to a higher transmission power, it depends on the demand to buy it. But even if the right to buy the wrong mix is ​​also OK, USB 3.1 controller and data lines within the chip communication, the output power will not exceed its carrying capacity.

The only need to worry about buying shoddy power line, cheat USB 3.1 master cheat way, but in fact the power capacity of less than the requirements, this time there is indeed the risk of overheating fire.

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